When was madame de stael exiled




















All Rights Reserved. OSO version 0. University Press Scholarship Online. Sign in. Not registered? Sign up. Publications Pages Publications Pages. The marriage took place on 17 January in the Lutheran chapel of the Swedish embassy. She had a stormy relationship with Benjamin Constant, a politician and writer whom she met in She had a child with him in who was called Albertine.

But her romantic entanglements continued and she went on to have another child out of wedlock, Auguste, whose father was Count Louis of Narbonne. She finally separated from her husband in and became a widow in In she married a young officer from Geneva, Albert de Rocca, who was 22 years younger than her. Germaine had been brought up by her parents according to the ideas of XVIIIth century Protestantism which were tolerance and Enlightenment. She believed in God and defended a particularly heterodox form of Christianity, based on reason rather than faith and devoid of dogma.

After the Reign of Terror she dreamt of a society where the same religion would be shared by all and wanted Protestantism to become the official religion in France.

Later, between and , greatly influenced by mysticism, she wrote, in her book about Germany, that she believed in a perpetual revelation of God, and an inner voice which she recognized by the exaltation of her soul, an inner voice which kept her in eternal contact with God. She died in , the same year in which Albertine, the elder of her two children, was married.

It appeared in , and in it she identified herself with enlightenment and reason. Her book De l'Influence des passions sur le bonheur des individus et des nations was issued in In it she expressed her belief in a system that considered the absolute liberty of the moral being the most essential element in his welfare and his most precious and inalienable right. In this book she held the belief that there was a constant progression of literature toward the light of perfection. In she published a novel, Delphine.

An immediate success, it related the life of a beautiful and intelligent woman who sought happiness through love. Napoleon was enraged by Delphine because it praised liberalism, divorce, the British, and Protestantism. He declared it immoral, antisocial, and anti-Catholic. Making a trip to Germany, she immersed herself in the society and culture of that country.

The experiences that Germaine had growing up in this extraordinary environment solidified her natural intellectual ability and encouraged her emotional intensity. She lived her life with a wholehearted enthusiasm that is apparent from the observations of those around her who consistently describe her as singularly engaging- despite her purported lack of beauty. Her importance as a writer and literary figure is undisputed. She wrote numerous political pieces as well as novels, plays and literary criticism.

Her voluminous correspondences are mostly published and she also wrote autobiographical memoirs. Sadly, after travels in Europe and England she returned to Paris only to die in disillusionment. You can identify additional material by searching the Library of Congress Online Catalog using the following headings:. The following titles link to fuller bibliographic information in the Library of Congress Online Catalog.

Links to additional online content are included when available. Search this Guide Search. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. Selected Resources The following titles link to fuller bibliographic information in the Library of Congress Online Catalog. S Soon after its publication, posthumously in , "Considerations on the Principal Events of the French Revolution" became a classic of liberal thinking, making a deeply original contribution to an ongoing political and historical debate in early nineteenth-century France and Europe.



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