To divert his mind, his parents planned to get him married and engaged him in his early teens, but the rebel Mul Shankar was destined for something else, and to avoid marriage, he fled from his home in The desire to become a Sanyasi an ascetic first came to him at the age of fourteen when he witnessed the death of his younger sister who died of cholera. After seeing their lifeless bodies, he pondered —. Mul Shankar left his home in the pursuit of spiritual truth and travelled across India as a wandering monk; living in forests, mountains, and visiting the pilgrimage sites in northern India.
At the age of 24, he became a formal Sanyasi; after taking Diksha baptism from Swami Purnananda Saraswati on the banks of Narmada. Thereafter, he started participating in debates with several philosophers, thinkers, and scholars across the country. During this period, he met Swami Virjananda in Mathura who was a blind sage and a staunch critic of the prevailing orthodox, dogma, and superstition in Hinduism. Swami Virjananda encouraged him to read the Vedas and spread its message across the world.
During his last days, Swami Virjananda told Dayananda to —. The teachings of Swami Virjananda had such an effect on Dayananda that he decided to dedicate his entire life to spread the message of the Vedas and remove the impurities from Hinduism. To spread the message of the Vedas, Dayananda Saraswati travelled across India and encouraged people to follow the Vedic ideals of Brahmacharya celibacy.
To spread the message of the Vedas, he met many people and came across many social organizations. However, he found flaws in their philosophies and decided to establish his own organization. The ideals of the Arya Samaj are enshrined in its ten main principles, and its main message is —. He had vehemently rejected the Brahmanical doctrine that women should not read the Vedas and supported many other social rights that women were not given at that time, including the widow marriage.
He believed that —. God has revealed the Vedas for all and that all men and women — i. He learned the Vedas and other Sanskrit scriptures under the tutelage of Virajanand Dandeesha also known as the blind sage of Mathura.
Dayananda was very critical of Christianity and claimed that the Bible had many stories that encouraged sin, deceit, immorality, and cruelty. He even termed Jesus Christ a hoax and savage and questioned the logic behind the perpetual virginity of Mary; terming such doctrines being antagonists to the nature of law. Jordens Dayananda writes:. It appears that Mary conceived through some man, and either he or somebody else gave it out that the conception was through God. Hullo Jesus! What science told you that stars will fall.
Had Jesus a little education he would have known that the stars are worlds and cannot fall down. Marriages are performed in the paradise of the Christians. It was there that God celebrated the marriage of Jesus Christ. Let us ask who were his father-in-law, mother-in-law, brother-in-law etc.?
While condemning the teachings of the Quran, he claimed that most of these encouraged wars and immorality.
He went even further and doubted that Islam had anything to do with God. His debates were attended by relatively high amount of public. One of the remarkable debate occurred on 22 October in Varanasi , where he had won a debate against 27 scholars and about 12 expert pandits.
The debate was attended by over 50, people. The Arya Samaj discourages dogma and symbolism and encourages skepticism in beliefs that run contrary to common sense and logic. Dayanand Saraswati is noted to have thoroughly studied about religions other than Hinduism, such as Islam , Buddhism , Jainism , Christianity , Sikhism , and others.
He has described these religions in the chapters of his book Satyarth Prakash. However his analysis seemed critical to some, in its nature, while to some he presented perfect understanding. He viewed Islam to be waging wars and immorality. He doubted if Islam has to do anything with the God, as he questioned that why a God would be hating every non-believer, allowing slaughter of animals, non-merciful and command Muhammad to slaughter innocent people, animals.
It is a human work. Hence it cannot be believed in. He included that Bible contains many stories and precepts that are immoral, praising cruelty, deceit and encouraging sin. He opposed the Perpetual virginity of Mary , he added that such doctrines are simply against the nature of law, and that God will never break his own law because God is Omniscient and infallible. All Christian missionaries say that Jesus was a very calm and peace loving person.
But in reality he was a hot-tempered persons destitute of knowledge and who behaved like a wild savage. This shows that Jesus was neither the son of God, nor had he any miraculous powers. He did not possess the power to forgive sins. The righteous people do not stand in need of any mediator like Jesus. Jesus came to spread discord which is going on everywhere in the world. In reality, he was a very ordinary ignorant man, neither learned nor a yogi. Was it the same body which had been buried? Now that body had been buried for three days, we should like to know why did it not decompose?
A Sikh wrote a response, to which Dayanand Saraswati answered that his opinion had undergone a change when he visited Punjab, and the remarks about Sikhism would be deleted in the subsequent edition of his work. However, these remarks were never removed after the untimely death of Dayanand Saraswati, and later editions of Satyarth Prakash were even more critical of Sikhism.
He further pointed that followers of Sikhism are to be blamed for making up stories that Nanak possessed miraculous powers, met Gods. He further criticized the Cosmogony of Buddhism, that earth was not created.
Dayananda was subjected to many unsuccessful attempts on his life. He was poisoned on few occasions, but due to his regular practice of Hatha Yoga he would succeed to throw out the poison. One story tells that he was once attacked by some proponents of different religion, and tried to drown him to river. Although Dayanand would drag these attackers into river instead and release when they would be near to fully drowned.
In Dayananda was invited by the Maharaja of Jodhpur to stay at his palace. The Maharaja was eager to become his disciple and learn his teachings. Dayananda boldly asked the Maharaja to forsake the girl and all unethical acts and follow dharma like a true Aryan. Dayananda drank the milk and went to sleep only to wake up later with a burning sensation. He immediately realized that he had been poisoned and attempted to purge his digestive system of the poisonous substance, but it was too late.
The poison had already entered his bloodstream. Dayananda was bedridden and suffered excruciating pain. However, by the time doctors arrived, his condition got worse and had bleeding sores. He confessed his crime to Dayananda. The day coincided with Hindu festival of Diwali. Notable for influencing the freedom movement of India, his views and writings have been used by different writers.
Contrary to the popular thought, Swadeshi word was given by him, not Mahatma Gandhi. Shyamji Krishna Varma , who founded India House in London and guided other revolutionaries was influenced by him. He had notable influence on Bhagat Singh. Swami Dayananda ranked highest among the makers of modern India. He had worked tirelessly for the political, religious and cultural emancipation of the country. He was guided by reason, taking Hinduism back to the Vedic foundations.
He had tried to reform society with a clean sweep, which was again need today. Some of the reforms introduced in the Indian Constitution had been inspired by his teachings.
It has been noted, that he had branches across the country within his period. The places Dayanand had visited in his life were remarked to have been culturally changed. Jodhpur had adopted Hindi as main language, and later the present day Rajasthan adopted the as same. Romain Rolland , regarded him as one of the remarkable and unique figure.
Others who were notably influenced by him, includes Ninian Smart , Benjamin Walker among others. The Paropakarini Sabha located in the Indian city of Ajmer was founded by the Swami himself to publish and preach his works and Vedic texts.
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Notify me of new posts via email. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirected from Swami Dayananda Saraswati. This article is about the founder of the Arya Samaj. For other uses, see Swami Dayananda disambiguation. Other schools [show]. Acharyas [show]. Poet-Saints [show]. Yogin [show]. Brought up in a devout, affluent family, the boy became proficient in Sanskrit and imbibed the wisdom of Hindu scriptures, especially the Vedas.
Gradually, certain incidents that occurred during his childhood, such as the death of his younger sister, made young Shankar contemplate on the larger meaning of life. At a time when his parents felt concerned by the unconventional questions, the latter decided to leave home as part of his search for the truth. His efforts failed to yield any result till he reached Mathura, where he came across Swami Virajanand Dandeesha and became his disciple.
The holy man advised the youngster to throw away all his books and to seek knowledge directly from the Vedas. When the time came for Mool Shankar to leave the ashram, Swami Virajanand bestowed on him the new name of Rishi which means sage Dayanand. The latter promised to his mentor that he would devote life to disseminate the teachings of the Vedas. Formed with the motto Krinvanto Vishvam Aryam Make this world noble , the socio-cultural movement aimed to reform society by raising awareness among people about Vedic knowledge.
Far from trying to for a new religion, Dayanand only aimed at re-establishing the teachings of the Vedas. He authored an estimated 60 books, the most important among them being Satyarth Prakash meaning The Light of Truth , to spread knowledge among people about the principles of the Vedas and to promote qualities that he considered were truly divine.
Dayanand also strongly backed the granting of equal rights for all, emphasised the need for the social uplift of women and of the underprivileged sections. He also denounced superstitions and practices such as animal sacrifice.
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