The formal anti-corruption legislation and anti-corruption institutions in Tanzania are comparable to those of most other African countries. Hence, in principle, there should also be good possibilities to initiate a far more effective struggle against corruption, but this requires a combination of political commitment and increased engagement from the media, civil society and the parliament.
There have been some positive developments in recent years, but key challenges remain in implementing and enforcing the legislation.
Similarly, it is a great problem that very few of the corruption cases end up being prosecuted in the courts.
New major opportunities and initiatives are underway. Steps have been taken to implement legislation and to meet the standards promoted by organisations such as the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative EITI. This entails strengthening of domestic revenue and financial management, and positive developments within PFM reforms. Crucial, however, is a continued strengthening of the systems and mechanisms for openness, accountability and transparency in the public system.
Tanzania is rich in natural resources and has one of the highest forest covers in East and Southern Africa. The recent discoveries of very large off-shore reserves of natural gas and potentially oil will make the extraction industry in Tanzania even more important. Current estimates are that when gas exploitation reaches full production, incomes from extraction alone will be more than three times current ODA to Tanzania. Over the short to medium term, however, revenues from the natural gas will not be significant, and it is possible that the government may choose to mortgage its future income in order to satisfy short term needs.
This tendency is already evident from the increase in government borrowing. Based on current experience from the mining industry, there is no certainty that the exploitation of natural gas will generate large numbers of new jobs, unless significant new policy measures are taken to ensure this.
Existing tax policies are being reviewed in order to use international experience to ensure national public revenues from exploitation of the gas reserves. The country has relied heavily on hydropower to meet its electricity needs, but in recent years, electricity production generation has proven insufficient, due partly to poor rainfall and depletion of hydro reservoirs.
In some regions, this has created problems for the total food production and food security. In early Tanzania adopted its first ever strategy to reduce the negative impact of climate change. Regional integration plays an increasingly important role, both politically and economically, in terms of reducing the risk of regional conflicts.
Economically, it concerns pooling resources and markets for achieving economies of scale, with the possibility for specialization and greater competitiveness. Tanzania has sent troops to deal with the conflicts in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo, and this is seen as an expression of a willingness to assume such a role.
EAC is critical to achieve regional economic integration. The cooperation currently includes a customs union and a common market. The customs unions, when finally implemented, will lead to common external tariffs and free movement of goods within the region, and a common market will entail the creation of a single regional market with free movement of factors of production, including labour and capital. Plans are in place for a monetary union, with the ultimate goal of a political federation. However, the main emphasis is currently on economic integration.
The individual East African economies are still quite small. Increased regional economic integration thereby holds great potential for improved competitiveness and will also mean that the individual firms gain access to a larger domestic market. Tanzania has chosen a cautious approach to the integration process, as many Tanzanians desire more time to prepare the country for the free movement of goods, labour and capital. Sectors such as migration and land ownership are especially sensitive issues in Tanzania.
Despite this, Tanzania is moving forward on the EAC reform agenda, and a number of promising steps have already been made. However, it should not be ruled out that EAC may evolve unevenly, with some countries moving faster in the process of integration than Tanzania. This may change drastically over the next decade, where continued high growth and increased revenue from natural gas may reduce the importance of development assistance.
Tanzania has been at the forefront of the global move towards enhancing aid effectiveness. A central element of this effort was a move towards general budget support GBS to the government from While the share of GBS in the total aid package has not increased as much as expected, more than two-thirds of all reported ODA flows through government systems in various ways, and a third of this is GBS proper.
While overall ODA to Tanzania has continuously increased over the past five years, the proportion between modalities has changed, with GBS declining relatively, baskets remaining stable and project support increasing. Studies of the impact of development assistance to Tanzania show that it has made a real difference in the areas where the resources have actually been targeted.
To allow us to provide a better and more tailored experience please click "OK". Sign Up. Travel Guides. Videos Beyond Hollywood Hungerlust Pioneers of love. Gill Lange. The country has soul. Every sunset is a picture waiting to be painted. Tanzania has the highest mountain in Africa While some have conquered the peaks of Kili, others have succumbed to its unforgiving terrain.
You can buy just about any spice on earth Zanzibar is an island just off the mainland of Tanzania and even its name alludes to exotic sensory pleasures. Tanzania lays claim to the majority of the Serengeti Touted as being the natural stage of one of the most amazing wildlife spectaculars in the world, the plains of the Serengeti are where you will find the annual wildebeest and zebra migration.
Some of the most photographed doors in Africa. Marine life is spectacular. Dar es Salaam is the administrative capital, but Dodoma will be the future capital and is home to Tanzania's legislature. After Tanganyika and Zanzibar became independent countries, they merged in to form the nation of Tanzania. Olduvai Gorge in northern Tanzania is the location of the oldest human settlements found by Louis and Mary Leakey.
All rights reserved. Personality Quizzes. Funny Fill-In. Amazing Animals. Weird But True! Party Animals. Try This! Explore More. Living in fear: Tanzania's albinos. Tanzania's textile trade unravels. Tanzania 'witch-naming' under way. BBC Swahili - Mwanzo. Tanzanian government. UN news about Tanzania. Tanzania Online development. Read more profiles by BBC Monitoring. United Republic of Tanzania Capital: Dodoma.
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